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Bellum Alexandrinum Cynthia Damon, et al. Society for Classical Studies TEI XML encoding: Samuel J. Huskey Programming for automatic generation of TEI XML: Virgina K. Felkner Coauthor of content related to section 2.5: Dallas Simons Coauthor of content related to sections 12.1–2 and 13.5: Tom Vozar Coauthor of content related to section 26.1–2: Marcie Persyn Coauthor of content related to sections 35.3 and 36.4–5: Maria Kovalchuk Coauthor of content related to sections 47.2, 49.1, and 49.2–3: Tim Warnock Coauthor of content related to section 60.2: Isabella Reinhardt Coauthor of content related to sections 63.5 and 66.3–4: Brian Credo Coauthor of content related to sections 67.1 and 68.1: Amelia Bensch-Schaus Coauthor of content related to sections 72.2–3 and 74.4: Wes Hanson First Edition The Digital Latin Library 650 Parrington Oval Carnegie Building 101 Norman OK 73071 USA The University of Oklahoma Norman, OK 2022 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-SA 4.0) Library of Digital Latin Texts Edited by Samuel J. Huskey 1 ​ Born digital. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Signo sub idem tempus ab utroque dato concurritur. Acriter uarieque pugnatur. Nam tricesima sexta legio cum extra fossam in equites regis impetum fecisset adeo secundum proelium fecit ut moenibus oppidi succederet fossamque transiret auersosque hostes aggrederetur. At Pontica ex altera parte legio, cum paulum ​ aduersa (cf. 20.5 et u. infra) ​ auersa (u. TLL 2.1323.63–66 ‘de fugientibus’) hostibus cessisset, fossam autem circumire ac transcendere (cf. BC 3.46.3) circumire acies secundo circumire acies secunda teste Oudendorp, sensu et uerborum ordine repugnante circumire acie secunda (u. TLL 1.409.41–81 ‘i. q. proelium’ et supra) circumire acies secundo (sc. post recessum?) circumire acies secundo ut glossema ineptum ad 40.1 (u. et infra) transire ut secunda acies dubitanter alii alia conata esset ut aperto (cf. BG 1.25.6) ab aperto (cf. BC 3.86.3) latere aggrederetur hostem, in ipso transitu circuitu (u. et supra) fossae confixa et oppressa est. Deiotari uero legiones uix uix primum (cf. BG 6.37.3) impetum sustinuerunt. Ita uictrices regiae copiae cornu suo dextro mediaque acie conuerterunt se ad tricesimam sextam legionem. Quae tamen fortiter uincentium impetum sustinuit. Magnis sustinuit et magnis copiis hostium circumdata, praesentissimo animo pugnans in orbem se recepit ad radices montium, quo Pharnaces insequi propter iniquitatem loci noluit. Ita Pontica legione paene tota amissa, magna parte Deiotari militum interfecta, tricesima sexta legio teste Dübner XXXVI in loca se superiora contulit non amplius CCL desideratis. Ceciderunt eo proelio splendidi atque illustres uiri nonnulli equites Romani. Quo tamen incommodo Domitius accepto reliquias exercitus dissipati collegit itineribusque tutis per Cappadociam se in Asiam recepit.
Bibliography Manuscripts ω Common source of μ Common source of M and U ν Common source of S and π Descendants of μ M Florence, BML Plut. lat 68.8 (s. xii4 or xiii1) ​ Hands in M Mac The uncorrected reading in M. Equivalent to M. Mc Corrections by the original scribe, who usually recovers the reading of the exemplar. Mmr Corrections by one or more later hands (manus recentior), sometimes recovering the exemplar, sometimes not. M* An asterisk marks readings in M that prompted a correction—not necessarily a successful one—by Mmr. U Vatican, BAV Vat. lat. 3324 (s. xi4 or xii1) Hands in U Uac The uncorrected reading in U. Equivalent to U. Uc Corrections by the original scribe or a close contemporary. Descendants of v S Florence, BML Ashburnham 33 (s. x2–3) Hands in S Sac The uncorrected reading in S, Equivalent to S. Sc Corrections made by the original scribe or a close contemporary. π Common source of T and V. T Paris, BNF lat. 5764 (s. xi3–4). ​ Hands in T Tac The uncorrected reading in T, Equivalent to T. Tc Corrections made by the original scribe or a close contemporary. V Vienna, ÖN 95 (s. xii) Hands in V Vac The uncorrected reading in V. Equivalent to V. Vc Corrections made by the original scribe or a close contemporary. Occasionally cited N Naples, BN IV.C.11 (s. xi), cited where S is lacunose. ϛ A reading found in one or more later manuscripts. Early Editions ed. pr. G. Bussi, ed. Romae: In domo Petri de Maximis [= Sweynheym and Pannartz]. 12 May 1469. URL: ​ Aldus G. Giocondo, ed. Venice. 1513. URL: ​ Beroaldus P. Beroaldus, ed. Caii Iulii Caesaris commentarios Belli Gallici, Ciuilis Pompeiani, Alexandrini, Africi, ac Hispaniensis. Bologna. 1504. URL: ​ Modern Editions Andrieu J. Andrieu, ed. Pseudo-César, Guerre d’Alexandrie. Paris. 1954. Bentley T. Bentley, ed. Caii Julii Caesaris de bello gallico et ciuili nec non A. Hirtii aliorumque de bellis Alexandrino, Africano, et Hispaniensi commentarii. Notas et animaduersiones addidit Tho. Bentleius. Accessere conjecturae et emendationes Jacobi Jurini. London. 1742. Cellarius C. Cellarius, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris Commentarii de bello gallico et ciuili. Cum utriusque supplementis ab A. Hirtio vel Oppio adiectis. Leipzig. 1705. Clarke S. Clarke, ed. C. Julii Caesaris quae extant, accuratissime cum libris editis et mss optimis collata, recognita et correcta. Accesserunt annotationes Samuelis Clarke. London. 1720 (1st ed. 1712). Dauisius 1706 J. Davies, ed. C. Julii Caesaris quae exstant omnia ... cum eiusdem animadversionibus ac notis Pet. Ciacconii, Fr. Hotomanni, Joan. Brantii, Dionys. Vossii et aliorum. Cambridge. 1706. URL: ​ Dauisius 1727 J. Davies, ed. C. Julii Caesaris et Auli Hirtii quae exstant omnia recensuit ac selectis ... aliorum notis suas addidit Joannes Davisius; accedunt ejusdem secundae curae necnon metaphrasis graeca librorum VII de bello gallico. Cambridge. 1727. Dinter B. Dinter, ed. C. Iuli Caesaris commentarii cum A. Hirti aliorumque supplementis . III: C. Iuli Caesaris commentarii commentarii de bello Alexandrino, Africano, Hispaniensi. Caesaris Hirtiique fragmenta. Leipzig. 1887. URL: ​ Dübner F. Dübner, ed. C. Julii Caesaris commentarii de bellis Gallico et civili, aliorum, de bellis Alexandrino, Africano et Hispaniensi. Tomus secundus. Paris. 1867. URL: ​ Du Pontet R. Du Pontet, ed. C. Iuli Caesaris Commentariorum. Pars 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1900. Hoffmann 1857 E. Hoffmann, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii cum supplementis A. Hirtii et aliorum. Volumen alterum. Vienna. 1857 Hoffmann 1890 E. Hoffmann, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii cum supplementis A. Hirtii et aliorum. Vol. II: Commentarii de bello ciuili. Accedunt commentarii de bello Alexandrino, Africano, Hispaniensi. New edition. Vienna. 1890. URL: ​. Jungermann G. Jungermann, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris quae exstant ... praeterea ... notae, adnotationes, commentarii Rhellicani, Glareani, Glandorpii, Camerarii, Bruti, Manutii, Sambuci, Vrsini, Ciacconii, Hotmani, Brantii. Frankfurt. 1606. URL: ​. Klotz A. Klotz, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii. Vol. III: Bellum Alexandrinum, Bellum Africum, Bellum Hispaniense, Fragmenta. Leipzig. 1927. Kraner F. Kraner, ed.  C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii cum supplementis A. Hirtii et aliorum.  Editio stereotypa. Leipzig. 1861. URL: ​. Kübler 1896a B. Kübler, ed. C Iulii Caesaris commentarii. Vol. III, pars prior, commentarius de bello Alexandrino. Editio maior. Leipzig: Teubner, 1896.​ Lipsius J. Lipsius, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii ... eiusdem ... fragmenta. Antwerp. 1586. URL: ​. See also Oudendorp. Manutius Aldus Manutius, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii ab Aldo Manutio Paulli filio Aldi nepote emendati et scholiis illustrati. Venice. 1597. (First edition 1571.) URL: ​. Morus S. F. N. Morus, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii de bello Gallico et civili; accedunt libri de bello Alexandrino Africano et Hispaniensi e recensione Francisci Oudendorpii; curavit editionem Sam. Fr. Nathan. Morus. Leipzig. 1780. URL: ​. Nipperdey K. Nipperdey, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii. Leipzig. 1847. URL: ​. Oehler F. Oehler, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii cum supplementis A. Hirtii et aliorum. Leipzig. 1852. URL: ​. Oudendorp F. Oudendorp, ed., C. Julii Caesaris De bellis gallico et civili pompejano; nec non A. Hirtii aliorumque de bellis Alexandrino, Africano et Hispaniensi commentarii ad MSStorum fidem expressi, cum integris notis Dionysii Vossii, Joannis Davisii et Samuelis Clarkii cura et studio Francisci Oudendorpii qui suas animadversiones ac varias lectiones adjecit. Leiden. 1737. URL: ​. Scaliger J. Scaliger, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris quae extant. Amsterdam. 1661. (First edition 1635.) URL: ​. Schneider R. Schneider, ed. Bellum Alexandrinum. Berlin. 1888. URL: ​. Stephanus R. Estienne, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris rerum ab se gestarum comentarii. Paris. 1544. URL: ​. Strada J. Strada, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris rerum gestarum commentarii XIV. Frankfurt. 1575. URL: ​ Ursinus F. Orsini, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii novis emendationibus illustrati ... ejusdem fragmenta ... ex bibliotheca Fulvii Ursini. Antwerp. 1595. URL: ​. Vascosanus M. Vascosanus, ed. Paris. 1543. Other Sources Baehrens Baehrens, W. A. Beitraege Zur Lateinischen Syntax. Leipzig. 1912. Barwick Barwick, K. Caesars Commentarii und das Corpus Caesarianum. Leipzig. 1938. Broughton Broughton, T. Robert S. The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. 2 vols. Cleveland. 1968. Brown Brown, Virginia. The Textual Transmission of Caesar’s Civil War. Leiden. 1972. Carter Carter, J. M., trans. Julius Caesar, The Civil War. Oxford. 1997. Castiglioni Castiglioni, L. Intorno a Cesare ed ai suoi continuatori (Bellum Civile, Africanum, Alexandrinum). Athenaeum n.s. 11 (1924): 229–40. Ciaffi-Griffa Ciaffi, Raffaele and Ludovico Griffa, eds. Gaio Giulio Cesare, Opere. Turin. 2008. (First editions 1952 and 1973.) Cornelissen Cornelissen, J. J. Adversaria critica. Mnemosyne 17 (1889): 44–55. Damon 2015a Damon, C., ed. C. Iuli Caesaris commentariorum: Libri III de bello civili. Oxford. 2015. Damon 2015b Damon, Cynthia. Studies on the text of Caesar’s Bellum civile. Oxford. 2015. Damon 2020 Damon, Cynthia. On (authorial and other) parentheses in Caesar’s commentarii. In L. Curtis and I. Peirano Garrison, eds. The lives of Latin texts. Cambridge, MA. 55–89. 2020. Domaszewski A. von Domaszewski. Die Heere der Bürgerkriege in den Jahren 49 bis 42 vor Christus. Neue Heidelberger Jahrbücher 4 (1894): 157–188. Fischer Fischer, Eduard. Das achte Buch vom Gallischem Kriege und das Bellum Alexandrinum: Eine Studie. Passau. 1880. URL: ​ Fleischer Fleischer, Curt. Zu Caesar und seinen Fortsetzern. Neue Jahrbücher für Philologie und Pädagogik 119 (1879): 849–67. URL: ​. Forchhammer Forchhammer, J. N. G. Quaestiones criticae de vera commentarios de bellis civili, Alexandrino, Africano, Hispaniensi emendandi ratione. Copenhagen. 1852. URL: ​. Gaertner-Hausburg Gaertner, J. F., and B. Hausburg. Caesar and the Bellum Alexandrinum: An analysis of style, narrative technique, and the reception of Greek historiography. Hypomnemata 192. Göttingen. 2013. Gemoll Gemoll, W. Zu Caesar und seinen Fortsetzern. Jahrbücher für klassische Philologie 119 (1879): 267–70. URL: ​. Graindor Graindor, P. La guerre d’Alexandrie. Cairo. 1931. Hedicke Hedicke, Edmundus. Scholia in Caesarem et Sallustium (Varia II). Programm des königlichen Gymnasiums zu Quedlinburg (1879): 9–18. Hering Hering, Wolfgang. Die Recensio der Caesarhandschriften. Berlin. 1963. Hübner Emil Hübner, ed. Inscriptiones Hispanie Latinae. Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. Vol. II. Berlin: G. Reimerum. 1869–92. URL: ​. Kraffert Kraffert, Hermann. Beiträge zur Kritik und Erklärung lateinischer Autoren. Aurich. 1882. Kübler 1896b Kübler, B.. Recisamenta critica. Philologus 55 (1896): 154–59. URL: ​. Landgraf 1888 Landgraf, G. Untersuchungen zu Caesar und seinen Fortsetzern insbesondere über Autorschaft und Komposition des Bellum Alexandrinum und Africanum. Erlangen. 1888. URL: ​. Landgraf 1889 Landgraf, G. Der Bericht des C. Asinius Pollio über die spanischen Unruhen des Jahres 48 v. Chr. (Bellum Alexandrinum 48–64) auf Grund des codex Ashburnhamensis. Erlangen et Leipzig. 1889. URL: ​. Landgraf 1891a Landgraf, G. Zum Bellum Alexandrinum. In Commentationes Woelfflinianae. Leipzig. 1891. 15–21. URL: ​. Landgraf 1891b Landgraf, G. Das Bellum Alexandrinum und der codex Ashburnhamensis. Programm des Kgl. Wilhelmsgymnasiums in München für das Studienjahr 1890/91. Munich. 1891. 1–23. Larsen Larsen, Sophus C. Studia in libellum incerti auctoris de bello Alexandrino. Copenhagen. 1886. URL: ​. Latinius Latinius, Latinus. Bibliotheca sacra et profana: Sive, Observationes, correctiones, coniecturae, & variae lectiones in sacros et profanos scriptores, e marginalibus notis codicum eiusdem a Dominico Macro ... collectae et nunc primum ... editae. 2 vols. Rome. 1677. URL: ​. Leumann-Hofmann-Szantyr Leumann, Manu et al. Lateinische Grammatik. 3 vols. Munich. 1965-79. Löfstedt Löfstedt, Einar. Vermischte Beiträge zur lateinische Sprachkunde. Eranos 8 (1908): 86–87. Madvig Madvig, J. N. “Capitulum III: Caesar, Sallustius.” In Adversaria critica ad scriptores graecos et latinos. Vol. 2: Emendationes latinae. Copenhagen. 1873. 281–85. ​. Markland Markland, Jeremiah. Epistola critica ad eruditissimum virum Franciscum Hare ... in qua Horatii loca aliquot et aliorum veterum emendantur. Cambridge. 1723. ​. Menge Menge, R. Bellum Alexandrinum: Erklärt von Rud. Schneider. Neue philologische Rundschau 8. 1889. 120–27. ​. Mitchell Mitchell, S. “The treaty between Rome and Lycia of 46 BC (MS2070).” In R. Pintaudi, ed., Papyri graecae Schøyen (P. Schøyen I). Florence. 2005. 161–259. Müller Müller, H. J. Footnote to a Nachtrag on Schneider (1888). Jahresberichte des philologischen Vereins zu Berlin 14 (1888): 348. ​. Pinkster Pinkster, Harm. The Oxford Latin Syntax. Volume 1, The Simple Clause. Oxford. 2015. Preuss Preuss, Siegmund. Vollstandiges Lexicon zu den pseudo-casarianischen Schriftwerken. Erlangen. 1884. ​. Raaflaub Raaflaub, Kurt A., ed. The Landmark Julius Caesar. The complete works: Gallic War, Civil War, Alexandrian War, African War, and Spanish War. New York. 2017. Rice Holmes Rice Holmes, T. The Roman Republic and the Founder of the Empire Vol. 3. Oxford. 1923. Schambach 1879–1882 Schambach, Otfried. Zu Caesar und seinen Fortsetzern. Jahrbücher für klassische Philologie 119 (1879): 867–70 ​ and 125 (1882): 215–24 ​. Schambach 1881 Schambach, Otfried. Die Reiterei bei Caesar. Mühlhausen in Thüringen. 1881. ​. Schiller 1883 Schiller, Heinrich. Zu Caesar Bell. Civ. III, 112, 2 und Hirtius Bell. Alex. 8, 2. Philologus 42 (1883): 773–77. ​. Schiller 1889 Schiller, Heinrich. Review of Schneider (1888). Berliner philologische Wochenschrift 9 (1889): 306–10. ​. Schiller 1890a Schiller, Heinrich. Vom Ursprung des Bellum Alexandrinum. Blätter für das Bayerische Gymnasialschulwesen 26 (1890): 242–51, 393–400, 511–23. ​. Schiller 1890b Schiller, Heinrich. Review of Hoffmann (1890). Blätter für das Bayerische Gymnasialschulwesen 26 (1890): 535–43. ​. Stadler Stadler, O. Zu lateinischen Schriftstellern. Berliner philologische Wochenschrift 27.35 (1907): 1119. ​. Stark Stark, Rudolf. Bellum Alexandrinum 19, 1. Maia 16 (1964): 239–42. Stoffel Stoffel, E. Histoire de Jules César, Guerre civile. 2 vols. Paris. 1887. ​. Talbert Talbert, R.J.A., ed. Barrington atlas of the Greek and Roman world. Princeton. 2000. Townend Townend, G. Caesar’s War in Alexandria. Bristol. 1988. Turnebus Turnèbe, Adrien. Adriani Turnebi adversariorum tomus secundus duodecim libros continens. Paris. 1565. 36. ​. Vielhaber 1864 Vielhaber, Leopold. Beiträge zur Kritik des Cäsarianischen Bellum ciuile und der Fortsetzungen desselben. Vienna. 1864. Vielhaber 1869 Vielhaber, Leopold. Review of Dübner (1867). Zeitschrift für die österreichischen Gymnasien 20 (1869): 541–76. ​. List of People Cited by Name Atkins Adrienne Atkins Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Bensch-Schaus Amelia Bensch-Schaus Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Brutus Brutus See Jungermann. Callaghan Greg Callaghan Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Ciacconius Petrus Ciacconius See Jungermann and Dauisius 1706. Credo Brian Credo Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Cuiacius Cuiacius See Nipperdey. Damon Cynthia Damon Editor of this edition and instructor of Latin 540 (University of Pennsylvania) in 2015 and 2017. Faernus Faerno, Gabriello See Klotz. Gertz M. C. Gertz See Klotz. Glandorpius Glandorp, Johann See Jungermann. Gruterus Janus Gruterus See Oudendorp. Hanson Wes Hanson Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Haupt Moriz Haupt See Nipperdey. Jurinius Jurinius See T. Bentley. Keil Heinrich Keil See Klotz. Khan Scheherazade Khan Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Kovalchuk Maria Kovalchuk Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Lewis Amy Lewis Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Naqvi Theodora Naqvi Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Persyn Marcie Persyn Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Reinhardt Isabella Reinhardt Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Rhellicanus Rhellicanus See Jungermann Rossetus Joannes Rossetus See Gaertner-Hausburg. Siesbye Oskar Siesbye See Larsen. D. Simons Dallas Simons Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). J. Simons Julia Simons Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Vozar Tom Vozar Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Warnock Tim Warnock Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Wölfflin Eduard Wölfflin See Klotz. Abbreviations and Other Notations scripsimus = denotes changes made collectively by Damon and members of the Latin 540 classes taught at the University of Pennsylvania.