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Bellum Alexandrinum Cynthia Damon, et al. Society for Classical Studies TEI XML encoding: Samuel J. Huskey Programming for automatic generation of TEI XML: Virgina K. Felkner Coauthor of content related to section 2.5: Dallas Simons Coauthor of content related to sections 12.1–2 and 13.5: Tom Vozar Coauthor of content related to section 26.1–2: Marcie Persyn Coauthor of content related to sections 35.3 and 36.4–5: Maria Kovalchuk Coauthor of content related to sections 47.2, 49.1, and 49.2–3: Tim Warnock Coauthor of content related to section 60.2: Isabella Reinhardt Coauthor of content related to sections 63.5 and 66.3–4: Brian Credo Coauthor of content related to sections 67.1 and 68.1: Amelia Bensch-Schaus Coauthor of content related to sections 72.2–3 and 74.4: Wes Hanson First Edition The Digital Latin Library 650 Parrington Oval Carnegie Building 101 Norman OK 73071 USA The University of Oklahoma Norman, OK 2022 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-SA 4.0) Library of Digital Latin Texts Edited by Samuel J. Huskey 1 ​ Born digital. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Minime autem par erat (inter par et at non legitur Tac) pareat appareat proeli certamen. Nostris enim pulsis (cf. BG 1.46.3) pulsis uoce uictis infra seruata paucis (u. 16.2) prorsus (cf. Quint. 12.9.9) neque terra neque mari effugium dabatur uictis (cf. 17.4 et 60.2) dabatur uictis teste Oudendorp uoce pulsis supra seruata dabatur ullum , omniaque uictoribus erant futura in incerto. Illi si superassent nauibus omnia tenerent (cf. Hirt. 8.33.1 possent, 8.39.4 uererentur, BC 3.111.4 haberent et u. ad 16.2 esset) cum illi si superassent nauibus omnia tenerent (cf. 69.3) , si inferiores fuissent reliquam tamen fortunam periclitarentur. Simul illud graue ac miserum uidebatur perpaucos de summa exercitus (cf. BG 6.34.3, BC 1.67.5) summa summa rerum teste Klotz (cf. BC 2.30.1) summa re (cf. Quint. Decl. min. 343.9) ac de salute omnium decertare. Quorum si qui quis aut animo aut uirtute cessisset cecidisset Manutium infra sequens coll. Cic. Fam. 6.1.4 reliquis etiam esset (u. ad 16.1) esse cauendum cedendum testibus Gaertner-Hausburg 126 n.198 cadendum , quibus pro se pugnandi facultas non fuisset. Haec superioribus diebus superioribus saepenumero Caesar suis exposuerat ut hoc maiore animo contenderent quod omnium salutem sibi commendatam uiderent. Eadem suum quisque contubernalem amicum notum prosequens erat obtestatus: ne suam atque omnium falleret opinionem, quorum iudicio delectus ad pugnam proficisceretur. Itaque hoc animo est decertatum ut neque maritimis nauticisque sollertia atque ars praesidium ferret neque numero nauium praestantibus multitudo prodesset neque electi (cf. BHisp 15.2 et u. 13.4 idoneos) flecti flexi teste Andrieu ad uirtutem e tanta multitudine uiri uirtuti uirtute uirtutis nostrorum possent adaequare adaequarent . Capitur hoc proelio quinqueremis una et biremis cum defensoribus remigibusque, et deprimuntur tres nostris incolumibus omnibus. Reliquae propinquam fugam ad oppidum capiunt. Quas protexerunt ex molibus atque aedificiis imminentibus et nostros adire propius prohibuerunt.
Bibliography Manuscripts ω Common source of μ Common source of M and U ν Common source of S and π Descendants of μ M Florence, BML Plut. lat 68.8 (s. xii4 or xiii1) ​ Hands in M Mac The uncorrected reading in M. Equivalent to M. Mc Corrections by the original scribe, who usually recovers the reading of the exemplar. Mmr Corrections by one or more later hands (manus recentior), sometimes recovering the exemplar, sometimes not. M* An asterisk marks readings in M that prompted a correction—not necessarily a successful one—by Mmr. U Vatican, BAV Vat. lat. 3324 (s. xi4 or xii1) Hands in U Uac The uncorrected reading in U. Equivalent to U. Uc Corrections by the original scribe or a close contemporary. Descendants of v S Florence, BML Ashburnham 33 (s. x2–3) Hands in S Sac The uncorrected reading in S, Equivalent to S. Sc Corrections made by the original scribe or a close contemporary. π Common source of T and V. T Paris, BNF lat. 5764 (s. xi3–4). ​ Hands in T Tac The uncorrected reading in T, Equivalent to T. Tc Corrections made by the original scribe or a close contemporary. V Vienna, ÖN 95 (s. xii) Hands in V Vac The uncorrected reading in V. Equivalent to V. Vc Corrections made by the original scribe or a close contemporary. Occasionally cited N Naples, BN IV.C.11 (s. xi), cited where S is lacunose. ϛ A reading found in one or more later manuscripts. Early Editions ed. pr. G. Bussi, ed. Romae: In domo Petri de Maximis [= Sweynheym and Pannartz]. 12 May 1469. URL: ​ Aldus G. Giocondo, ed. Venice. 1513. URL: ​ Beroaldus P. Beroaldus, ed. Caii Iulii Caesaris commentarios Belli Gallici, Ciuilis Pompeiani, Alexandrini, Africi, ac Hispaniensis. Bologna. 1504. URL: ​ Modern Editions Andrieu J. Andrieu, ed. Pseudo-César, Guerre d’Alexandrie. Paris. 1954. Bentley T. Bentley, ed. Caii Julii Caesaris de bello gallico et ciuili nec non A. Hirtii aliorumque de bellis Alexandrino, Africano, et Hispaniensi commentarii. Notas et animaduersiones addidit Tho. Bentleius. Accessere conjecturae et emendationes Jacobi Jurini. London. 1742. Cellarius C. Cellarius, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris Commentarii de bello gallico et ciuili. Cum utriusque supplementis ab A. Hirtio vel Oppio adiectis. Leipzig. 1705. Clarke S. Clarke, ed. C. Julii Caesaris quae extant, accuratissime cum libris editis et mss optimis collata, recognita et correcta. Accesserunt annotationes Samuelis Clarke. London. 1720 (1st ed. 1712). Dauisius 1706 J. Davies, ed. C. Julii Caesaris quae exstant omnia ... cum eiusdem animadversionibus ac notis Pet. Ciacconii, Fr. Hotomanni, Joan. Brantii, Dionys. Vossii et aliorum. Cambridge. 1706. URL: ​ Dauisius 1727 J. Davies, ed. C. Julii Caesaris et Auli Hirtii quae exstant omnia recensuit ac selectis ... aliorum notis suas addidit Joannes Davisius; accedunt ejusdem secundae curae necnon metaphrasis graeca librorum VII de bello gallico. Cambridge. 1727. Dinter B. Dinter, ed. C. Iuli Caesaris commentarii cum A. Hirti aliorumque supplementis . III: C. Iuli Caesaris commentarii commentarii de bello Alexandrino, Africano, Hispaniensi. Caesaris Hirtiique fragmenta. Leipzig. 1887. URL: ​ Dübner F. Dübner, ed. C. Julii Caesaris commentarii de bellis Gallico et civili, aliorum, de bellis Alexandrino, Africano et Hispaniensi. Tomus secundus. Paris. 1867. URL: ​ Du Pontet R. Du Pontet, ed. C. Iuli Caesaris Commentariorum. Pars 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1900. Hoffmann 1857 E. Hoffmann, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii cum supplementis A. Hirtii et aliorum. Volumen alterum. Vienna. 1857 Hoffmann 1890 E. Hoffmann, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii cum supplementis A. Hirtii et aliorum. 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C. Iulii Caesaris quae extant. Amsterdam. 1661. (First edition 1635.) URL: ​. Schneider R. Schneider, ed. Bellum Alexandrinum. Berlin. 1888. URL: ​. Stephanus R. Estienne, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris rerum ab se gestarum comentarii. Paris. 1544. URL: ​. Strada J. Strada, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris rerum gestarum commentarii XIV. Frankfurt. 1575. URL: ​ Ursinus F. Orsini, ed. C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii novis emendationibus illustrati ... ejusdem fragmenta ... ex bibliotheca Fulvii Ursini. Antwerp. 1595. URL: ​. Vascosanus M. Vascosanus, ed. Paris. 1543. Other Sources Baehrens Baehrens, W. A. Beitraege Zur Lateinischen Syntax. Leipzig. 1912. Barwick Barwick, K. Caesars Commentarii und das Corpus Caesarianum. Leipzig. 1938. Broughton Broughton, T. Robert S. The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. 2 vols. Cleveland. 1968. Brown Brown, Virginia. The Textual Transmission of Caesar’s Civil War. Leiden. 1972. Carter Carter, J. M., trans. Julius Caesar, The Civil War. Oxford. 1997. 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Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. Vol. II. Berlin: G. Reimerum. 1869–92. URL: ​. Kraffert Kraffert, Hermann. Beiträge zur Kritik und Erklärung lateinischer Autoren. Aurich. 1882. Kübler 1896b Kübler, B.. Recisamenta critica. Philologus 55 (1896): 154–59. URL: ​. Landgraf 1888 Landgraf, G. Untersuchungen zu Caesar und seinen Fortsetzern insbesondere über Autorschaft und Komposition des Bellum Alexandrinum und Africanum. Erlangen. 1888. URL: ​. Landgraf 1889 Landgraf, G. Der Bericht des C. Asinius Pollio über die spanischen Unruhen des Jahres 48 v. Chr. (Bellum Alexandrinum 48–64) auf Grund des codex Ashburnhamensis. Erlangen et Leipzig. 1889. URL: ​. Landgraf 1891a Landgraf, G. Zum Bellum Alexandrinum. In Commentationes Woelfflinianae. Leipzig. 1891. 15–21. URL: ​. Landgraf 1891b Landgraf, G. Das Bellum Alexandrinum und der codex Ashburnhamensis. Programm des Kgl. Wilhelmsgymnasiums in München für das Studienjahr 1890/91. Munich. 1891. 1–23. Larsen Larsen, Sophus C. Studia in libellum incerti auctoris de bello Alexandrino. Copenhagen. 1886. URL: ​. Latinius Latinius, Latinus. Bibliotheca sacra et profana: Sive, Observationes, correctiones, coniecturae, & variae lectiones in sacros et profanos scriptores, e marginalibus notis codicum eiusdem a Dominico Macro ... collectae et nunc primum ... editae. 2 vols. Rome. 1677. URL: ​. Leumann-Hofmann-Szantyr Leumann, Manu et al. Lateinische Grammatik. 3 vols. Munich. 1965-79. Löfstedt Löfstedt, Einar. Vermischte Beiträge zur lateinische Sprachkunde. Eranos 8 (1908): 86–87. Madvig Madvig, J. N. “Capitulum III: Caesar, Sallustius.” In Adversaria critica ad scriptores graecos et latinos. Vol. 2: Emendationes latinae. Copenhagen. 1873. 281–85. ​. Markland Markland, Jeremiah. Epistola critica ad eruditissimum virum Franciscum Hare ... in qua Horatii loca aliquot et aliorum veterum emendantur. Cambridge. 1723. ​. Menge Menge, R. Bellum Alexandrinum: Erklärt von Rud. Schneider. Neue philologische Rundschau 8. 1889. 120–27. ​. Mitchell Mitchell, S. “The treaty between Rome and Lycia of 46 BC (MS2070).” In R. Pintaudi, ed., Papyri graecae Schøyen (P. Schøyen I). Florence. 2005. 161–259. Müller Müller, H. J. Footnote to a Nachtrag on Schneider (1888). Jahresberichte des philologischen Vereins zu Berlin 14 (1888): 348. ​. Pinkster Pinkster, Harm. The Oxford Latin Syntax. Volume 1, The Simple Clause. Oxford. 2015. Preuss Preuss, Siegmund. Vollstandiges Lexicon zu den pseudo-casarianischen Schriftwerken. Erlangen. 1884. ​. Raaflaub Raaflaub, Kurt A., ed. The Landmark Julius Caesar. The complete works: Gallic War, Civil War, Alexandrian War, African War, and Spanish War. New York. 2017. Rice Holmes Rice Holmes, T. The Roman Republic and the Founder of the Empire Vol. 3. Oxford. 1923. Schambach 1879–1882 Schambach, Otfried. Zu Caesar und seinen Fortsetzern. Jahrbücher für klassische Philologie 119 (1879): 867–70 ​ and 125 (1882): 215–24 ​. Schambach 1881 Schambach, Otfried. Die Reiterei bei Caesar. Mühlhausen in Thüringen. 1881. ​. Schiller 1883 Schiller, Heinrich. Zu Caesar Bell. Civ. III, 112, 2 und Hirtius Bell. Alex. 8, 2. Philologus 42 (1883): 773–77. ​. Schiller 1889 Schiller, Heinrich. Review of Schneider (1888). Berliner philologische Wochenschrift 9 (1889): 306–10. ​. Schiller 1890a Schiller, Heinrich. Vom Ursprung des Bellum Alexandrinum. Blätter für das Bayerische Gymnasialschulwesen 26 (1890): 242–51, 393–400, 511–23. ​. Schiller 1890b Schiller, Heinrich. Review of Hoffmann (1890). Blätter für das Bayerische Gymnasialschulwesen 26 (1890): 535–43. ​. Stadler Stadler, O. Zu lateinischen Schriftstellern. Berliner philologische Wochenschrift 27.35 (1907): 1119. ​. Stark Stark, Rudolf. Bellum Alexandrinum 19, 1. Maia 16 (1964): 239–42. Stoffel Stoffel, E. Histoire de Jules César, Guerre civile. 2 vols. Paris. 1887. ​. Talbert Talbert, R.J.A., ed. Barrington atlas of the Greek and Roman world. Princeton. 2000. Townend Townend, G. Caesar’s War in Alexandria. Bristol. 1988. Turnebus Turnèbe, Adrien. Adriani Turnebi adversariorum tomus secundus duodecim libros continens. Paris. 1565. 36. ​. Vielhaber 1864 Vielhaber, Leopold. Beiträge zur Kritik des Cäsarianischen Bellum ciuile und der Fortsetzungen desselben. Vienna. 1864. Vielhaber 1869 Vielhaber, Leopold. Review of Dübner (1867). Zeitschrift für die österreichischen Gymnasien 20 (1869): 541–76. ​. List of People Cited by Name Atkins Adrienne Atkins Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Bensch-Schaus Amelia Bensch-Schaus Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Brutus Brutus See Jungermann. Callaghan Greg Callaghan Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Ciacconius Petrus Ciacconius See Jungermann and Dauisius 1706. Credo Brian Credo Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Cuiacius Cuiacius See Nipperdey. Damon Cynthia Damon Editor of this edition and instructor of Latin 540 (University of Pennsylvania) in 2015 and 2017. Faernus Faerno, Gabriello See Klotz. Gertz M. C. Gertz See Klotz. Glandorpius Glandorp, Johann See Jungermann. Gruterus Janus Gruterus See Oudendorp. Hanson Wes Hanson Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Haupt Moriz Haupt See Nipperdey. Jurinius Jurinius See T. Bentley. Keil Heinrich Keil See Klotz. Khan Scheherazade Khan Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Kovalchuk Maria Kovalchuk Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Lewis Amy Lewis Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Naqvi Theodora Naqvi Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Persyn Marcie Persyn Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Reinhardt Isabella Reinhardt Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Rhellicanus Rhellicanus See Jungermann Rossetus Joannes Rossetus See Gaertner-Hausburg. Siesbye Oskar Siesbye See Larsen. D. Simons Dallas Simons Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). J. Simons Julia Simons Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Vozar Tom Vozar Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2015). Warnock Tim Warnock Member of the Latin 540 class (spring 2017). Wölfflin Eduard Wölfflin See Klotz. Abbreviations and Other Notations scripsimus = denotes changes made collectively by Damon and members of the Latin 540 classes taught at the University of Pennsylvania.